[originally posted Memorial Day, 2011]
ne artifact I own is an old walking-stick. When my knee
abruptly gave out a year or so back and I was hobbling about my nephew found it
somewhere and brought it to me to help me get around. I don’t ordinarily use
it; there’s a crack running through it, and I can’t trust it to bear my weight,
but it worked for that moment. It belonged to my great-grandfather G. F. Weaver
who, in the 1930s, left it behind when he went for his final walk on the land
where he’d found gold, just after signing over all his rights in it to his
partners. His body was found a couple of days later at the bottom of a ravine
where he’d apparently fallen, and his walking-stick was among the meager
effects sent to his family.
He was an interesting guy, to judge from the contradictory accounts
that have come down about him, a preacher, an inventor, a visionary, a
horse-doctor, a man who abandoned his family (first absconding with the money
from the sale of their crops) to seek a golden fortune out west, a man who
traded the rights to an invention for land in Kentucky that didn’t exist, and
according to his own story witnessed the assassination of the governor-elect
there when trying to seek redress for his wrongs. To this day he has his
partisans and detractors in the family. Me, I’m agnostic. Whatever he was, he
was.
He was the youngest (and favorite) son of a farmer, James I.
Weaver, a man whose entire life is encompassed in the fading script of the
family Bible that sits in front of me as I write these words. Born in Kentucky
in 1818, the son of a preacher, he married the daughter of a preacher in 1844
and died in Texas in 1888. If he had a life outside of farming, I’ve failed to
find it. Tradition has it that he and his wife Rhoda wanted their son to be a
preacher like their fathers, and G. F. was, at least briefly. He performed at
least one marriage in Texas, before giving it up. Did I mention that G. F. was
also a barber and a Bible-salesman?
Anyway, James’ father David (1791-1854) was a preacher, one of
the mainstays of a Baptist church in the wilderness of Kentucky. “His labors
extended over Laurel, Knox, Whitley and Clay counties,” Elder J. W. Moran
wrote
of him, “and few men have sacrificed more for the cause of Christ than he. He
so ordered his life that the most hardened in wickedness could bring no charge
against him. His voice was clear and musical, and his manner was very pleasing.
He was greatly beloved by the people to whom he preached.” Blind in his latter
years, he had to be carried to church to preach.
His father Samuel (1755-1842) was (thank God) not a preacher, Baptist or otherwise,
though he was the progenitor of a large tribe of Weavers. He was a giant of a
man—over seven feet tall according to family tradition—and lived at various
times in his long life (he was almost 87 when he died) in Virginia, the
Carolinas, and Kentucky. His name turns up in numerous land, tax, and census
records, though as there were other Samuel Weavers abroad in the land it is
difficult to be sure which belong to him, and which to others. As far as those
records show his life was uneventful, spent in farming and raising a numerous
brood of children with his wife—supposedly a descendent of Gutenberg, of
printing-press fame.
In the 1830s he applied for a pension from the government on
the basis of his participation in the Revolutionary War, and to that end
narrated his experiences. About eighty at the time, his memory was none too
good, and the accounts (there are two) filled with phrases like “he does not
now recollect” and “neither does he remember”. Still, the story he tells runs
something like this:
Somewhere around March in the year 1780, while living in Surry
county, North Carolina, he was drafted to serve in the Continental Army. His
company commander was Captain Jacob Camplin, who took the outfit south to
Charleston, then under siege by the British. Before they got there “a call was
made for men to stay and guard baggage wagons and he was one of these, he
supposed about thirty, but for what cause the baggage was kept there at the
time he can not say, but supposes it was in Consequence of the Siege…” For this
reason he missed the siege of Charleston, which fell on 12 May of that year.
Captain Camplin returned from the siege with a knee injury, according to Samuel
Weaver, and he was delegated to look after him on his way back home, “which he
did, tho under much difficulty and trouble, the wound being very severe.”
No sooner than he got home he was discharged, his three months
being up, and he returned to his family home, where he walked into a domestic
drama. It seems his father had just been drafted, and his mother was in
considerable “distress of mind” at the idea of parting with him. So Samuel
“resolved to go himself … if the officers would receive him, he told this to
his father and Mother … but his father was preparing for the trip and said
nothing in reply.” Carrying out this plan Samuel talked to the officer in
charge, who “seemed to be much gratified” at the switch, and immediately
discharged his father. Samuel soon found himself on his way back to Virginia
where they joined troops also on their way south.
Samuel doesn’t say what troops they were, but the time and
place suggests they could have been Maryland troops under De Kalb headed south
to try to break the British stranglehold there. These troops were combined with
others and the whole put under the command of Horatio Gates, who then led them
to mass slaughter in a vain attempt to take Camden, South Carolina, on 16
August. Once again, however, Samuel Weaver missed the battle; he (along with
others) joined Francis Marion. Presumably this was when the Swamp Fox and a few
picked men were detached to cut off the expected retreat of the British after
they were defeated at Camden.
In reality the British were not defeated, and Marion ended up
lurking in the swamp, carrying out occasional raids against the Tories. Samuel
Weaver vaguely remembered taking part in several night actions, and one day
skirmish, but the one thing that stuck out in his mind about this chapter in
his life was this:
During the time he was with Genl. Marion, a British Officer as he
was told came into Camp, but for what he does not know, he was roasting &
bakeing Sweet Potatoes on the Coles—Genl. Marion Steped up with the British
Officer and remarked he believed he would take Breakfast, he felt proud at the
request, puled out his potatoes, wiped the ashes off with a dirty handkerchief,
placed them on a pine log (which was all the provision they had) and Genl.
Marion and the British Officer partook of them. He has been told by some that
this has been recorded in the life of the Genl. as a dinner, but this was a
breakfast.
So, apparently, Samuel Weaver was the very soldier who took
part in this famous episode, first revealed to the public by Mason Weems, of
George Washington and the cherry tree fame. It’s a sobering thought.
After about a month with Marion Samuel Weaver ended up on
hospital duty, was discharged, and returned home. This wasn’t the last of his
adventures in the war—the next year he again volunteered and headed off to do
battle at Guilford. Again he missed the battle; the volunteers stayed to help
bury the dead and then went back home. And even then, according to his
narrative, he enrolled as a minute man, and continued to be called up as needed
for brief skirmishes.
Now, it’s Memorial Day, and I don’t want to cast aspersions on
the memory of the old guy, but there are problems with this narrative. (I’m
sure you already guessed that, if you’ve spent any time here.) First, Jacob
Camplin, the captain whose knee was injured during the siege of Charleston?
Okay, there really was a Jacob Camplin, seemingly, and he really did injure his
knee—but not at the siege of Charleston. He injured it a year earlier, at the
Battle of Stono Ferry, 20 June 1779. Near Charleston, true, but not at that
time and place. Further, an account by a fellow named John Melugin (and this is
not my research) seems quite similar to Samuel’s—Melugin left Surry County
(like Samuel Weaver) under Captain Jacob Camplin headed for Charleston. During
the events there he was assigned to drive a wagon and as a result missed the
battle at Stono Ferry where Captain Camplin was injured. He then (like Samuel
Weaver) went home.
Okay, so what? So the old guy was a year off, got the Siege of
Charleston mixed up with the Battle of Stono Ferry—what of it? Well, the thing
is, it’s not that simple. You see, Jacob Camplin didn’t come back from that
battle to be helped home by Samuel Weaver or any other soldier—he was taken
prisoner by the British, and not released for over a year. So that whole part
of his story, the “difficulty and trouble” of getting the captain home with his
severe injury, kind of drops out. And further, if the Stono Ferry redating be
accepted, then there’s no way he could have been one of Marion’s guerillas, as
Marion didn’t take up his career as the Swamp Fox until the next year. Samuel
Weaver’s narrative is quite tight here—he gets home after nursemaiding Captain
Camplin to find that his father has been drafted, and he sets out immediately to
replace him, at this time joining up with Francis Marion. Poke at it anywhere
and the story kind of unravels and falls apart.
One more thing—that sweet potato story. It was pretty well
known in the 1830s, when Samuel Weaver was applying for his pension. Now I
hadn’t originally planned on going into this, but as J. L. Bell is doing a nice
job
deconstructing this legend at
Boston 1775, I’ve got to at least point
people in his direction. There is considerable doubt as to whether this event
even occurred, let alone that Samuel Weaver took the part he assigns to himself
in it. [J. L. Bell by the way
finds Samuel Weaver’s story plausible.] I can’t
help but wonder whether, perhaps, his own memories of events being shaky, he
didn’t appropriate bits and pieces of stories around him to fill out an
otherwise bald and unconvincing narrative.
That he took some part in the Revolution doesn’t seem to be in
question—too many people were willing to swear to it on his behalf. It doesn’t
look like sheer fantasy, in the manner of William Drannan. But the specifics he
recalls, when they can be checked on, are iffy. If he went out with Captain
Camplin on the occasion when the captain’s knee was injured, it must have been
in 1779, and the battle must have been Stono Ferry. If he escorted a wounded
officer back from either Stono Ferry or the Siege of Charleston it can’t have
been Captain Camplin, who was a prisoner of war at the time. If he was in the
swamps with Francis Marion it is unlikely that he took part in a dinner (or
breakfast as he insists) that nobody recalled until Mason Weems used it to pad
out a heavily-fictionalized biography. It’s frustrating, but there it is. Like
the crack running through my great-grandfather's walking-stick, there are
cracks running through his great-grandfather's war stories. The old man’s
memory can’t be trusted.
I doubt very much that he’s romancing; the stories are too
mundane. (Again, take a look at William Drannan to see what happens when
fantasy replaces memory.) But events have somehow become jumbled and are mixed
with things that never were.
I’m reminded of another time, when a much more recent ancestor
of mine—my father, actually—lay dying in a Portland hospital. A veteran of
World War II, he kept returning to scenes long past, his once-sharp mind dulled
with drugs and delusions. Convinced for some reason he was in a war zone, he
would ask about the enemy—how close they were, and whether we were going to be
evacuated. “How long was your father in Vietnam?” one of the attendants asked.
It was a tough question. I didn’t know where the Vietnam thing was coming from.
He’d been on a hospital ship in the Pacific, he’d been in occupied Japan, but
Vietnam? He was in Portland that whole time, to my personal knowledge, working
as an engineer at a radio station. I smiled weakly, and somebody said—I don’t
remember who—“He must be having somebody else’s flashbacks.”
Maybe Samuel Weaver was having somebody else’s flashbacks.